Tugas I (Bahasa Inggris Bisnis II)

LISTENING STRATEGY FOR ANSWERING QUESTIONS IN THE TOEFL TEST

TOEFL (Test Of English as a Foreign Language) is a test of English language proficiency (American accent) are required to enroll into college (college) or university in the United States or other countries in the world. This exam is required for applicants whose native language or the speaker is not English. The purpose of the TOEFL is to measure the extent of our ability in mastering the English language, TOEFL is also often used to get a scholarship either inside or outside the country. 

There are many types of TOEFL tests, such as TOEFL ITP TOEFL or international. This kind TOEFL recognized International Standards and are typically used to get an international scholarship. Other types of the TOEFL prediction. TOEFL this type can only be used only in the country (national standard). TOEFL is usually used to get a scholarship or apply for a job in the country. Lately, too many companies that also include TOEFL State as a condition of acceptance of new employees. Someone has deemed dominate English (advance) if the TOEFL score has reached 500 points. It is a standard value of the applied current TOEFL.

For some people, to reach a value of 500 in the TOEFL test is not easy. That is because they do not know how to do the TOEFL test correctly. In the TOEFL test work we need to do some strategies for TOEFL test scores we can achieve 500 points or more. TOEFL consists of 2 types of computer-based testing and paper-based testing. There are four sections in the test TOEFL test them, namely: Listening Comprehension, Structure And Written Expression, Reading Comprehension and Written Test Of English.

The first session is a session on TOEFL Listening Comprehension test. In general, this session consists of 50 questions or inquiries. We are required to hear some of the conversations that have been recorded previously, and then answer the questions based on the information that has been mentioned by cassette / tape.

There are several common strategies for the Listening Comprehension, including:

1.  Understand the forms of the command (direction) in each section (part) well before D-day exam.
2. Read the options on each question as much as possible when the narrator is reading direction and example problems (example). 
3. Listen with full concentration and focus your attention on the conversation you are listening. 
4. Maximize your listening skills on the first questions in each part.

There are three sections in Listening Comprehension sessions. These parts are:

a.    Short Conversations (30 questions): You will listen to an informal conversation between a man and a woman, usually each person only speaks once. The third voice (male or female) then ask questions about the conversation. Short Conversations, a strategy that should be done is:

• Focus your hearing on the second.

• Do not panic if you can not understand word for word in a complete conversation. You only need to capture an idea or content of the conversation.

• If you absolutely can not understand what the speaker was talking about both, choose the best answer is different from what you hear.

• Understand the functional forms of expression (agreement (consent), uncertainty (uncertainty), suggestion (suggestion), surprise (shock)), idiomatic, expression, and situations when the conversation is done.

Example :

Directions: In Part A, you will hear short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. The conversations and questions will not be repeated. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

Here is an example.

On the recording, you will hear:

(woman)	I don't like this painting very much.
(man)	Neither do I.
(narrator)	What does the man mean?

In your test book, you will read:

A. He doesn't like the painting either. B. He doesn't know how to paint. C. He doesn't have any paintings. D. He doesn't know what to do.

You learn from the conversation that neither the man nor the woman likes the painting. The best answer to the question, "What does the man mean?" is A, "He doesn't like the painting either." Therefore, the correct choice is A.

PRACTICE QUESTIONS

1. You will hear
(man)	Shall I lock up the computer lab now before I go home?
(woman)	Don't bother. I'm not leaving for a while, I can check it on my way out.
(narrator)	What will the woman probably do?

· 

You will read:	A. Lock the computer lab later.
	B. Leave with the man.
	C. Buy a new lock for the computer lab.
	D. Show the man where the lab is.

· 

2. You will hear
(man)	Do you mind if I turn the television off?
(woman)	Well, I'm in the middle of watching a program.
(narrator)	What does the woman imply?

· 

You will read:	A. The man should watch the program too.
	B. The man should leave the television on.
	C. The program will be over soon.
	D. She'll watch television later.

· 

3. You will hear
(woman)	I heard the math requirements for graduation are being changed.
(man)	Yes. And I may be short one course.
(narrator)	What does the man mean?

· 

You will read:	A. He isn't sure what course to take.
	B. The math course is too short.
	C. He may not meet the graduation requirements.
	D. The graduation date has been changed.

b.     Longer Conversations (generally 8 questions) you will hear two people looking to deliver something (lectures, explanations, etc.). The second ballot will provide 3 to 5 questions about the talks. Longer Conversation, a strategy that should be done is:

• When the narrator reads part B direction you should read the answer choices at a glance and then record it and expecting the theme of what will be a conversation.
•  When listening to the conversation, you have to know what theme / topic. 
•  Beware of each question. 
• Pay attention to the conditions and situations that occurred during the conversation, namely regarding the place and time of the conversation, what and who is concerned. 

Example :

Directions: In this part of the test you will hear longer conversations. After each conversation you will hear several questions. The conversations and questions will not be repeated.After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. Remember, you are not allowed to take notes or write in your test book.

SAMPLE CONVERSATION AND PRACTICE QUESTIONS

(narrator)	Questions 4 through 7. Listen to a conversation about a trip.
(man)	Are you ready for "The Big Apple"?
(woman)	Excuse me?
(man)	You know, New York City. You are going to New York with us, aren't you? I wanted to show everybody around my old neighborhood.
(woman)	Oh...sure! I wouldn't miss it especially when the tour guide is a native New Yorker.
(man)	I thought we could start at the Museum of Modern Art. Right now there's an exhibit on twentieth-century American painters.
(woman)	Fine with me...but what were you saying about...a big apple?
(man)	"The Big Apple." It's a nickname for New York. I think I heard once that it started with jazz musicians in the 20's.
(woman)	Oh.
(man)	Whenever they played a concert in a city, they called that city an "apple." In those days, New York was the biggest city in the country, so they called it "The Big Apple."
(woman)	Hey, I have an idea! Let's go to a jazz club while we're there.
(man)	Sounds good.

Questions:
4. You will hear
(narrator)	What is the man planning to see?

You will read:	A. An art exhibit.
	B. A Broadway play.
	C. A modern dance production.
	D. An opera.

5. You will hear
(narrator)	What can be inferred about the man?

You will read:	A. He is a jazz musician.
	B. He wants to join the woman's club.
	C. He is in his twenties.
	D. He was born in New York.

6. You will hear
(narrator)	What does the word "Apple" in the phrase "The Big Apple" refer to?

You will read:	A. An instrument.
	B. A city.
	C. A theater.
	D. A concert.

7. You will hear
(narrator)	Who gave New York its nickname?

You will read:	A. Painters.
	B. Tour guides.
	C. Musicians.
	D. Grocers.

c.    Talks / lectures (usually 12 questions) you will listen to a person (male or female) is conveying something (lectures, explanations, etc.). The second ballot will provide 4 to 5 for each question what is presented. Talks, a strategy that should be done is:

• If you have time, take a look at the answer choices listed in a booklet and find the key word.
• Be aware of the conversation in the first sentence because it usually will be the topic for the next sentences. 
• Focus your hearing on matters relating to the 5-W questions (what, who, when, where, why) and How. 
• Draw conclusions the situation that occurs when the conversation is done.

Example :

Directions: In this part of the test you will hear several talks. After each talk, you will hear some questions. The talks and questions will not be repeated.After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

Here is an example.

On the recording, you will hear:

(narrator)

Listen to an instructor talk to his class about a television program.

(man)

I'd like to tell you about an interesting TV program that'll be shown this coming Thursday. It'll be on from 9 to 10 p.m. on Channel 4. It's part of a series called "Mysteries of Human Biology." The subject of the program is the human brain — how it functions and how it can malfunction. Topics that will be covered are dreams, memory, and depression. These topics are illustrated with outstanding computer animation that makes the explanations easy to follow. Make an effort to see this show. Since we've been studying the nervous system in class, I know you'll find it very helpful.

Here is an example.

You will hear:
(narrator)	What is the main purpose of the program?

In your test book, you will read:

	A. To demonstrate the latest use of computer graphics.
	B. To discuss the possibility of an economic depression.
	C. To explain the workings of the brain.
	D. To dramatize a famous mystery story.

The best answer to the question, "What is the main purpose of the program?" is C, "To explain the workings of the brain." Therefore, the correct choice is C.

Here is another example.

You will hear:
(narrator)	Why does the speaker recommend watching the program?

In your test book, you will read:

	A. It is required of all science majors.
	B. It will never be shown again.
	C. It can help viewers improve their memory skills.
	D. It will help with course work.

The best answer to the question, "Why does the speaker recommend watching the program?" is D, "It will help with course work." Therefore, the correct choice is D.Remember, you are not allowed to take notes or write in your test book.

PRACTICE TALK AND PRACTICE QUESTIONS

(narrator)

Questions 8 through 10. Listen to a talk about animal behavior.

(woman)

Today's discussion is about a common animal reaction — the yawn. The dictionary defines a yawn as "an involuntary reaction to fatigue or boredom." That's certainly true for human yawns, but not necessarily for animal yawns. The same action can have quite different meanings in different species. For example, some animals yawn to intimidate intruders on their territory. Fish and lizards are examples of this. Hippos use yawns when they want to settle a quarrel. Observers have seen two hippos yawn at each other for as long as two hours before they stop quarreling. As for social animals like baboons or lions — they yawn to establish the pecking order within social groups, and lions often yawn to calm social tensions. Sometimes these animals yawn for a strictly physiological reason — that is, to increase oxygen levels. And curiously enough, when they yawn for a physical reason like that, they do what humans do — they try to stifle the yawn by looking away or by covering their mouths.

Questions:
8. You will hear
(narrator)	What is the speaker's main point?

You will read:	A. Animals yawn for a number of reasons.
	B. Yawning results only from fatigue or boredom.
	C. Human yawns are the same as those of other animals.
	D. Only social animals yawn.

9. You will hear
(narrator)	According to the speaker, when are hippos likely to yawn?

You will read:	A. When they are swimming.
	B. When they are quarreling.
	C. When they are socializing.
	D. When they are eating.

10.You will hear
(narrator)	What physiological reason for yawning is mentioned?

You will read:	A. To exercise the jaw muscles.
	B. To eliminate fatigue.
	C. To get greater strength for attacking.
	D. To gain more oxygen.